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- <text id=91TT2599>
- <title>
- Nov. 25, 1991: America Abroad
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
- Nov. 25, 1991 10 Ways to Cure The Health Care Mess
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 56
- AMERICA ABROAD
- Fiddling While Dubrovnik Burns
- </hdr><body>
- <p>By Strobe Talbott
- </p>
- <p> The civil war in Yugoslavia is more than just a tragedy
- for the people of one country. It is also the first test of
- whether the custodians of European security are up to the task
- of redefining their interests and obligations now that the old
- communist enemy is history. So far, they've flunked.
- </p>
- <p> Two years ago, when the Iron Curtain was coming down,
- almost everyone in the West was celebrating--except Deputy
- Secretary of State Lawrence Eagleburger. In a speech at
- Georgetown University, he found the cloud in the silver lining.
- "For all its risks and uncertainties," he said, "the cold war
- was characterized by a remarkably stable and predictable set of
- relationships among the great powers." He foresaw the "danger
- that the change in the East will prove too destabilizing to be
- sustained." He was thinking particularly about Yugoslavia, where
- he began his diplomatic career. He knew what ancient demons
- lurked in the Balkans, waiting, along with decent folk, to be
- liberated from communism.
- </p>
- <p> Since World War II, the very idea of a federal state
- uniting the South Slavs--Serbs, Croatians, Slovenes and the
- rest--has depended on an ideology that claimed to be more
- powerful than nationalism and on a common fear of the U.S.S.R.
- Now the Yugoslavs are free to fight among themselves, avenging
- old wrongs and seeking independence from--or domination over--one another. With Marx and even Tito in disrepute, the
- strongmen in Belgrade are exposed for what most of them have
- always been: Serbian imperialists, bent on maintaining control
- not only over their republic but over the others as well--especially Croatia, where there is a large Serbian population.
- </p>
- <p> Meanwhile, one well-intentioned emissary after another has
- tried to mediate. Twelve cease-fires have come and gone. At the
- end of last week, there was an attempt at No. 13. Governments
- across Europe have condemned Belgrade for trying to carve
- Greater Serbia out of the flanks of neighboring republics, and
- for systematically destroying the civilian centers and cultural
- monuments of other nationalities. The European Community has
- announced economic sanctions against Yugoslavia, aimed primarily
- at Serbia.
- </p>
- <p> However, even as he reluctantly endorsed these measures,
- President Bush expressed doubt that they would work. Peaceful
- means, Eagleburger noted, rarely work against people "intent on
- killing each other." There is nothing the outside world can do
- to stop the carnage in Yugoslavia, he continued, unless it is
- prepared to intervene militarily, not with a peacekeeping force
- of the kind in which the United Nations specializes but with a
- peacemaking one.
- </p>
- <p> Eagleburger was not advocating that course, but it is
- still worth thinking about. The E.C. could take the initiative,
- seeking the blessing of the Conference on Security and
- Cooperation in Europe, which would bring in the new democracies
- of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. The CSCE charter
- can be interpreted as forbidding the kind of territorial
- expansionism that Serbia is now pursuing. Then the E.C. could
- use the manpower and firepower available through NATO for a
- difficult three-stage mission: 1) drive the Yugoslav/Serbian
- army, the Croatian national guard and the various other militias
- back into their barracks; 2) impose a truce that would lead to
- negotiations; and 3) back up international supervision of a
- settlement that guarantees the safety of minorities wherever
- they live: Serbs in Croatia, Croatians in Serbia, etc.
- </p>
- <p> Bush has dismissed any thought of such action as
- premature. As Eagleburger has acknowledged, there is no stomach
- for it in Europe, much less in the U.S.--and for good reason:
- it would be a risky and thankless task for any outsiders, no
- matter how numerous and well armed, to interpose themselves in
- Yugoslavia's tribal feuds and partisan warfare. But before
- dismissing intervention altogether, Western leaders should
- remember how they dealt earlier this year with the first great
- threat to the new world order. Global outrage, combined with
- diplomatic and economic sanctions, did not dislodge Saddam
- Hussein from that corner of Greater Iraq better known as Kuwait.
- It took a massive multilateral expeditionary force.
- </p>
- <p> True, Saddam violated an international border, while
- Yugoslavia's misery is supposedly "internal." Well, just wait.
- Like all tragedies, this one has an air of inevitability, and
- the next act is all too easy to imagine: Serbian troops or
- vigilantes massacre Hungarian-speaking villagers in the Yugoslav
- province of Vojvodina, north of Belgrade, provoking Hungary to
- come to the rescue of its ethnic kinsmen. A senior leader in
- Budapest has privately warned the Bush Administration that his
- government is preparing for just that contingency; the Hungarian
- army is moving south. Something similar could happen on
- Yugoslavia's border with Romania, Bulgaria or Albania. Violence
- and refugees could spread throughout the region.
- </p>
- <p> Meanwhile, European and American officials are dithering
- over the future of the Atlantic defense partnership and the
- preservation of peace on the Continent. They tend to treat
- Yugoslavia as an embarrassing distraction rather than the No.
- 1 challenge. They are fiddling with doctrine while Dubrovnik
- burns. If the Western alliance can't cope with the crisis in
- Yugoslavia, it doesn't deserve to survive the end of the cold
- war.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
-